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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Unit 9

Inventions . إختراعات

Discussion:
A. Look at your book , page.2 , then study the following well:
* Look at the pictures above:
1. What do you think is the greatest invention?
- I think
(the internet) is the greatest invention.
2. How has (the internet) made life الحياة easier سهلة for the people?
- It has made the world العالم as a small village. كقرية صغيرة
3. Which of the above inventions المخترعات التي بعاليه have you used?
- I have used the (plane, cell-phone and Internet).
4. Which do you think is the most important الأكثر اهمية ?Least important الأقل اهمية ?
- I think (the internet) is the most important and the (plane) is the least important.

B- Look at the conversation, in your book page.2, then practice studying the following questions:
*Khadijah and Asmaa are talking about how to use a new machine. خديجة وأسماء يتحدثان عن ماكينة التصوير الجديدة.
1. What machine are they trying to use?
- They are trying to use the photocopier.
2. Does the machine have a power switch مفتاح التيار الكهربائي ?
- yes, it does.
3. How do you start the photocopier? Write the steps خطوات of how to use the photocopier?
- First, start by pressing the power switch to on.
- Then, put the paper on the glass copyboard face down.
- After that, lower the cover and press the keys to enter the number of copies عدد النسخ .
- Finally, push the green button to start copying.
Grammar:
By + Gerund
ما يأتي بعد كلمة by فعل مزيد بـ (-ing) ويصبح إسما.
Ex.
by writing. / by pressing. / by pushing
Now, study the following carefully:
- You can start a car by turning the ignition key. مفتاح التدوير
- You can turn off the tape recorder مسجل by pushing the stop button. زر الا يقاف
Turn on = switch on ≠ turn off = switch off

- You start a blender الخلاط by plugging it in. بوضع قابس الكهرباء
- An electric kettle غلاية الماء works by pressing the on button.
- You can cool تبرِّد a room by lowering تخفيض the temperature درجة الحرارة of the AC.

**Study the steps of how to use the tape recorder:
-First, push on /off button زر to turn the power on.
-Then, press the eject button to open the tape compartment.
-Next, insert ادخل the cassette and gently close the compartment صندوق الشريط .
-After that, press the record and play buttons to start recording. التسجيل
- Finally, push stop button to stop recording.

Sequence Adverbs
First,
Then,
Next,
After that
Finally
*قاعدة : عندما نصف شيئاً فيجب ان تسبق الصفات الموصوف ، وتكون الصفات على الترتيب التالي : (من اليسار الى اليمين).
Object الشئ الموصوف Material نوعية المادة Color اللون Shape الشكل Length طول Size مقاس
Now, Look at your book page 4. and study the sentences in exercise B :
1. It is a big square white metal washing machine.
2. It is a small square red plastic device جهاز .

***Look at your book , page.5, then study the following:
**The main ideas. الأفكار الرئيسية من القطعة
-In the past women were not allowed to patent تحصل على براءة الإختراع their inventions.
-For this reason many female inventors have bean forgotten although their inventions are used every day .
- Marian Donovan invented the first disposable diaper الحفائض .
- Liquid paper المزيل لأخطاء الطباعة was the invention of Bette Nesmith Graham.
- Grace Murray Hopper invented the first computer compiler . الكمبيوتر المجمع
***Summary of the passage.
In the past, women were not allowed to register يسجلن their inventions in their names. That is why many women inventors مخترعات are not known to us even though we use their inventions in our daily life. For example, Marian Donovan invented the disposable diaper. Bette Graham made liquid paper. Grace Murray created

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